On Macs with Apple silicon or the T2 chip, the internal storage is encrypted and tied to that particular machine. Appleβs own security documentation puts it plainly: if the internal SSD storage is physically moved from one device to another, the files are inaccessible.
The practical consequence is worth understanding before you decide what to do with a Mac that will not boot. On these models you generally cannot pull the drive and read it in an enclosure the way you could with an older machine. Recovering the data usually means getting the original logic board working again β which is exactly why board-level repair is not just a cheaper alternative to a board swap on a Mac, but sometimes the only route to the data at all.
If the data matters more than the machine, say so when you call, so we can take that into account.
Source: Apple Platform Security, βThe Secure Enclaveβ.